Life Of Thomas Hutchinson: Royal Governor Of The Province Of Massachusetts Bay [Hosmer, James K] on Amazon.com.au. There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be – His Excellency. …1686, with the arrival of Sir Edmund Andros as the first royal governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, the authority of the crown was established in Boston itself. *FREE* shipping on eligible orders. James Wright, who replaced Ellis in 1760, proved to be an efficient administrator and a popular governor. [25], The colony's governance and religious attitudes came under greater scrutiny following the restoration of Charles II to the throne in 1660, which led to the revocation of its charter in 1684. Acted as governor for the remainder of Davis's term. Between 1775 and the establishment of the Massachusetts State Constitution in 1780 the state was governed by the provincial congress and an executive council. Originally they were supposed to reside in London, as was the case with other colonial company governors, although this protocol was broken when John Winthrop was appointed Governor. [41] William III and Mary II eventually issued new charters, but in the process they combined the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, and other territories into the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Increase Sumner, elected by a landslide to a third consecutive term in 1799, was on his deathbed and died not long after taking the oath of office; this represents the shortest part of an individual term served by a governor. Almost alone among colonial governors, Wright was a popular and able administrator and servant of the crown. [17][18] Some of his settlers remained in the area without formal governance, moving to occupy the Shawmut Peninsula (site of Boston, Massachusetts) among other places. Acted as governor for the remainder of Volpe's term. [36] All of the New England colonies eventually came under its authority, as well as the provinces of New York, East Jersey, and West Jersey. Gage was the province's last royal governor. [4], Governors are elected every four years during state elections on the first Tuesday of November after the 1st, the most recent being in 2018. On July 18, 1776, Bostonians gathered under the balcony of Old State to hear for the first time the Declaration of Independence. These shareholders were mostly colonists themselves who fit certain religious requirements. [15], Upon completion of his term, the departing governor takes a "lone walk" down the Grand Staircase, through the House of Flags, into Doric Hall, out the central doors, and down the steps of the Massachusetts State House. The governor also serves as commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's armed forces. With the Glorious Revolution and the Boston Revolt the Dominion was abolished in 1689. [26][27] King James II then established the Dominion of New England, an appointed regime which was strongly against the will of the American colonists. In 1650 as one of his first acts as governor, he signed the charter to Harvard College, establishing the guidelines in which the University still uses for operation today. Acted as governor for the remainder of Cellucci's term. [2], The Plymouth Colony originated as a land grant issued by the London Virginia Company to a group of English separatist Puritans who had fled to Holland to avoid religious persecution. [30] In 1691, King William III merged the colonies of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay along with the territory of Maine, the islands south of Cape Cod (including Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, and the Elizabeth Islands), and Nova Scotia (which included New Brunswick) to form the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The role of Governor has existed in Massachusetts since the Royal Charter of 1628. William Dummer Acting Royal Governor of Massachusetts 1723-1728, 1729-1730 [edit | edit source] -Born in Boston to Jeremiah Dummer and Anna Atwater in 1677. The governor acted in a vice-regal manner, overseeing the governance and functioning of the colony. [5] The colony was incorporated into the Dominion of New England in 1686,[9] but the dominion was dissolved in 1689 and all the New England colonies temporarily reverted to their previous governmental structures. The title "His Excellency" is a throwback to the royally appointed governors of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. [15], In 1623, Robert Gorges was commissioned as Governor-General of New England by King Charles I to oversee Plymouth, Wessagusset, and future New England colonies. The governor of Massachusetts is the chief executive of the commonwealth, and is supported by a number of subordinate officers. Since the governor has no official residence, the expression "corner office," rather than "governor's mansion," is commonly used in the press as a metonym for the office of governor. The British reacted to the Boston Tea Party by passing. Joseph was born when Thomas was 70 years of age. Colonial governors of Plymouth and the Massachusetts Bay Colony were elected annually by a limited subset of the male population (known as freemen), while Dominion officials and those of the 1692 province were appointed by the British crown. [6], The colony held annual elections for its offices. [18], In January 1991, outgoing lieutenant governor Evelyn Murphy, the first woman elected to statewide office in Massachusetts, walked down the stairs before Governor Michael Dukakis. Hutchinson, though, wasn’t […] Some colonial land claims extended all the way to the Pacific Ocean. [50] By then, the province was already being run de facto by the Massachusetts Provincial Congress, which continued to govern until 1780. Thomas Hutchinson, the lieutenant governor of Massachusetts, had one of the finest homes in Boston – until August 26, 1765. These shareholders were mostly colonists themselves who fit certain religious requirements. Hand-colored woodcut - MP5W23 from Alamy's library of millions of … The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, or company as it was known at the time was Matthew Cradock. The lieutenant governor, when acting as governor, is referred to as "the lieutenant-governor, acting governor" in official documents. [20] The company dispatched John Endecott and a small company of settlers to Massachusetts Bay not long after acquiring the grant. Skip to main content.sg. [16] Some walks have been modified with some past governors having their wives, friends, or staff accompany them. The governor then crosses the street into Boston Common, thereby symbolically rejoining the commonwealth as a private citizen. The Province of Massachusetts Bay was governed by appointed civilian governors until 1774, when Thomas Hutchinson was replaced by Lieutenant General Thomas Gage amid rising tensions between the Thirteen Colonies and the British Parliament. [8] The leadership was dominated by William Bradford, who served more than 30 terms as governor. Despite several proposals for establishing an official residence for the governor of Massachusetts, including the Endicott Estate which was once acquired for the purpose, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts does not have a governor's mansion. In order to ease tensions with royal authorities and the colonists the General Court was reestablished and given significant powers. This model of government was greatly disliked by the colonists all throughout British North America but especially in New England where colonists at one time did have some semblance of democratic and local control. He was recalled to England after the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775, by which time the Massachusetts Provincial Congress exercised de facto control of Massachusetts territory outside British-occupied Boston. governor general or royal governor Who was the Governor of Massachusetts in 1775? *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Phips, Sir William (02 February 1651–18 February 1695), first royal governor of Massachusetts, was born in Woolwich, Maine, the son of James Phips and Mary (maiden name unknown). with a brief interruption early in the American Revolution (1775-83). In 1774 the Massachusetts Provincial Congress was formed as an alternative revolutionary government to the royal government in Boston. Most recently, Jane Swift became acting governor upon the resignation of Paul Cellucci. This created acrimony between the governors and the assembly of the General Court. General Court. Delegate to the Continental Congress, Co-commissioner to France, Vice President of the United States, President of the United States. The Massachusetts Constitution was adopted in 1779, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts elected John Hancock as its first governor.[51]. Jeremiah Dummer was the firs [47] Gage was the province's last royal governor. Following the passage of the Stamp Act Governor Thomas Hutchinson had his home broken into and ransacked. Hand-colored woodcut - DB1BWE from Alamy's library of millions of … 53–54; Hart, p. 1:607, This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 13:48. The governor however would not be chosen by the electorate, instead the position would remain a royal appointment. King William III, however, reorganized the territory of the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies into the Province of Massachusetts Bay and appointed Sir William Phips as … Pownall had proven to be arguably the most popular royal governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, winning the love and respect of the people. By the next morning, leaders called the event a \"bloody massacre.\" Six years later, shots were heard again in the square. The territories claimed or administered by these colonies encompassed a much larger area than that of the modern state, and at times included areas that are now within the jurisdiction of other New England states or of the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. The governor is also a member of the Massachusetts Governor's Council, a popularly elected council with eight members who provide advice and consent on certain legal matters and appointments. " The life of thomas hutchison royal governor of the province of massachusetts bay " " The life of Thomas Hutchinson : royal governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay , by James K. Hosmer " " The life of Thomas Hutchinson : Royal Governor of the province of Massachusetts Bay " [3] The settlers had intended to establish a colony near the mouth of the Hudson River, within the bounds of the London Virginia Company's territory, but weather conditions on their arrival led them to establish it instead on the shores of Cape Cod Bay at Plymouth, Massachusetts. John Reynolds, the first royal governor of Georgia, proved ineffective and was recalled at the end of 1756. He, like most other state officers, senators, and representatives, was originally elected annually. With the passage of the Intolerable Acts the then Royal Governor Thomas Gage dissolved the General Court and began to govern the province by decree. [23] John Winthrop was elected governor in October, but did not formally take charge of the colony until he arrived in 1630. During this period (1686-1689) Massachusetts had no governor of its own. [28] It took effect in 1686 and lasted until 1689, when the Glorious Revolution toppled James, and colonists in Massachusetts immediately arrested the Dominion's governor Sir Edmund Andros. The governor-elect is then escorted by the sergeant-at-arms to the House Chamber and sworn in by the senate president before a joint session of the House and Senate. The Dominion of New England was established in 1686 which covered the territory of those colonies, as well as that of New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island. governor, dies at 65 from ALS", Political party strength in Massachusetts, Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs, Office of Housing and Economic Development, Office of Labor and Workforce Development, Governors and executives of U.S. states and territories, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Governor_of_Massachusetts&oldid=1000336760, Lists of state governors of the United States, Commonwealth constitutional officers of Massachusetts, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Resigned due to claimed illness (recurring. This occurred in 1799 when Governor Increase Sumner died in office on June 7, 1799, leaving Lieutenant Governor Moses Gill as acting governor. The charter contained a provision that the governor's council would assume the duties of the governor should both governor and lieutenant governor be absent from the colony. ", "Here's the salary of every governor in the United States", https://malegislature.gov/laws/constitution#chapterIISectionI, "A Third Term For Governor Charlie Baker? In the table below, acting governors are denoted in the leftmost column by the letter "A", and are not counted as actual governors. He intended to renovate the 19th-century mansion into a splendid governor's residence. According to the Massachusetts State Constitution: Whenever the chair of the governor shall be vacant, by reason of his death, or absence from the commonwealth, or otherwise, the lieutenant governor, for the time being, shall, during such vacancy, perform all the duties incumbent upon the governor, and shall have and exercise all the powers and authorities, which by this constitution the governor is vested with, when personally present. [4] In 1630, the colony acquired a formal charter with authority to govern from the Plymouth Council, but it was unsuccessful in attempts to acquire a royal charter that would guarantee its territory against other claimants. James Wright was the third and last royal governor of Georgia, serving from 1760 to 1782, James Wright. Thomas Hutchinson (September 9, 1711 - June 3, 1780) was the royal governor of Massachusetts from 1771… [29] The colony reverted to its previous rule on a provisional basis, because it then lacked any sort of legal charter. Although he lost his case, John Adams would later call this the event that motivated the revolutionary movement. This council was a group of magistrates who performed judicial functions, acted as an upper house of the General Court, and provided advice and consent to the governor. [21] In 1629, the company received a royal charter as a means to guarantee its grant against other claims, and elected Endecott as the first colonial governor, while Cradock continued to govern the company in London. [3], Beginning with the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629, the role of Governor has changed throughout its history in terms of powers and selection. But this time it was in celebration. The Boston Port Act was part of the. Since 1780, 65 people have been elected governor, six to non-consecutive terms (John Hancock, Caleb Strong, Marcus Morton, John Davis, John Volpe, and Michael Dukakis), and seven lieutenant governors have acted as governor without subsequently being elected governor. Thomas Hutchinson. The governor of Massachusetts, officially the governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the chief executive of the government of Massachusetts and serves as commander-in-chief of the commonwealth's military forces. Acted as governor for the remainder of Hancock's term. he was not British but he was loyal to the crown.worked during the seven year war . Hello Select your address All Hello, Sign in. A self-made man, he married Mary Spencer Hull; they adopted one child. Coercive Acts. The shortest service period by an elected governor was one year, achieved by several 19th century governors. [4] The colonists acquired a land grant from the Plymouth Council for New England in 1621,[5] but its early governance took place under the terms of the Mayflower Compact, a document which the colonists drafted and signed aboard the Mayflower before they landed. The most recent governor of Massachusetts to have died was Paul Cellucci (served 1997–1999 [acting] and 1999–2001, born 1948), on June 8, 2013. One of its principal backers was Sir John Popham; his nephew George Popham was the colony's governor for most of its brief existence. Davis, p. 163, List of colonial governors of New Hampshire, List of lieutenant governors of Nova Scotia, List of members of the colonial Massachusetts House of Representatives, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Massachusetts&oldid=999496542, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The colony had no deputy governors until 1681; the governor named a, December 12, 1672 (acting until May 7, 1673), Sources unless otherwise cited: Capen, pp. [19], The Massachusetts Bay Company was established in 1628 and was funded in part by investors in the failed Dorchester Company. 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