The estimate is about eight times higher than previous estimates, and is based on tree densities measured on over 400,000 plots. [25], While deforestation is taking place in some areas, new forests are being established through natural expansion or deliberate efforts in others. forests. In the most recent five-year period (2015–2020), the annual rate of deforestation was estimated at 10 million hectares, down from 12 million hectares in 2010–2015. plural designs has unveiled the ‘everlasting forest by GC’ pavilion for bangkok design week 2020, a space reflecting on human adaptation and … [30], Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests include a substantial component of trees in the Anthophyta. (uncountable) The art and practice of cultivating, … However, because hunting forests often included significant areas of woodland, forest eventually came to connote woodland in general, regardless of the density of the trees. [11] Forests provide ecosystem services to humans and serve as tourist attractions. rain forest; Etymology []. They got lost in the forest. 13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1, Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin forestis (silva) unenclosed (woodland), from Latin foris outside — more at forum. The shade, soil, and forest duff from the dropped fronds created the first forest. [30] UNEP-WCMC's forest category classification system is a simplification of other more complex systems (e.g. Especially for German learners the correct declension of the word Wald is crucial. The Old High German forst denoting "forest", Middle Low German vorst denoting "forest", Old English fyrhþ denoting "forest, woodland, game preserve, hunting ground" (English frith), and Old Norse fýri, denoting "coniferous forest", all of which derive from the Proto-Germanic *furhísa-, *furhíþija-, denoting "a fir-wood, coniferous forest", from the Proto-Indo-European *perkwu-, denoting "a coniferous or mountain forest, wooded height" all attest to the Frankish *forhist. Forests are often home to many animal and plant species, and biomass per unit area is high compared to other vegetation communities. [7], The world's forests contain about 606 gigatonnes of living biomass (above- and below-ground) and 59 gigatonnes of dead wood. This promoted freshwater fish. [25] Northern Africa, southern Australia, coastal Brazil, Madagascar and South Africa, are also identified as areas with striking losses in biodiversity intactness.[25]. [57][58] Much more forest land—about 40 percent of the total forest land base—is subject to varying degrees of protection through processes such as integrated land use planning or defined management areas such as certified forests.[58]. Find more words! Text taken from The State of the World’s Forests 2020. They are generally characteristic of the warmer temperate latitudes, but extend to cool temperate ones, particularly in the southern hemisphere. A savanna is a mixed woodland grassland ecosystem characterized by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. [citation needed] By the beginning of the Fourteenth Century, English texts used the word in all three of its senses: common, legal, and archaic. On 7 September 2015, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations released a new study stating that, over the last 25 years, the global deforestation rate has decreased by 50% due to improved management of forests and greater government protection. UNESCO's forest and woodland 'subformations'). Why is "internet" a proper noun? Did You Know? a large stretch of virgin forest Commonly mono-specific, planted with even spacing between the trees, and intensively managed, these forests are not generally important as habitat for native biodiversity. [5] Using this definition FRA 2020 found that forests covered 4.06 billion hectares or approximately 31 percent of the global land area in 2020 but are not equally distributed around the globe. [citation needed], Although the word forest is commonly used, there is no universally recognised precise definition, with more than 800 definitions of forest used around the world. Another word for Opposite of Meaning of Rhymes with Sentences with Find word forms Translate from English Translate to English Words With Friends Scrabble Crossword / Codeword Words starting with Words ending with Words containing exactly Words containing letters Pronounce Find conjugations Find names [23] The shed organic matter altered the freshwater environment, slowing it down and providing food. [23] Archaeopteris was a plant that was both tree-like and fern-like, growing to 10 metres (33 ft) in height. The Plural Forest The Plural Forest; traces of Nature in Thai identity. “Forest.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/forest. Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Forests can also affect people's health. forests. Establish a forest on previously unforested land; "afforest the mountains". (uncountable) The art and practice of planting and growing trees in forests. Test your vocabulary with our 10-question quiz! Forests located on mountains are also included in this category, divided largely into upper and lower montane formations on the basis of the variation of physiognomy corresponding to changes in altitude. Savannas maintain an open canopy despite a high tree density. How to use forest in a sentence. FOREST, noun. As a result, the net loss of forest area is less than the rate of deforestation and it too is decreasing: from 7.8 million hectares per year in the 1990s to 4.7 million hectares per year during 2010– 2020. 1) The Plural form of apple is _____ a) apples b) apple 2) The singular form of boxes is _____ a) box b) boxes 3) The plural form of fish is _____ a) fish b) fishes 4) The plural form of balloon is _____ a) balloons b) balloon 5) How many buses do you see? [8], Forests account for 75% of the gross primary production of the Earth's biosphere, and contain 80% of the Earth's plant biomass. forsets, fosters Send us feedback. These hunting forests did not necessarily contain many, if any, trees. However, in many areas of the United States, the area of forest is stable or increasing, particularly in many northern states. The latitudes 10° north and south of the equator are mostly covered in tropical rainforest, and the latitudes between 53°N and 67°N have boreal forest. a tract of wooded grounds in England formerly belonging to the sovereign and set apart … Rule 13: In a similar way, Some nouns are always in singular noun form even though they have ‘s’ at their end. This woods is near a field. Temperate needleleaf forests mostly occupy the higher latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere, as well as high altitude zones and some warm temperate areas, especially on nutrient-poor or otherwise unfavourable soils. [25] In absolute terms, the global forest area decreased by 178 million hectares between 1990 and 2020, which is an area about the size of Libya.[25]. Net primary production is estimated at 21.9 gigatonnes carbon per year for tropical forests, 8.1 for temperate forests, and 2.6 for boreal forests.[7]. To learn how to add open license text to Wikipedia articles, please see this how-to page. The plural form of forest floor is forest floors. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban land use. Latvia has about 3,270,000 hectares (12,626 sq mi) of forest land which equates to 50.6% of Latvia's total area (24,938 sq mi). [30] Each category is described as a separate section below. Forests can be classified in different ways and to different degrees of specificity. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! Different global forest classification systems have been proposed, but none has gained universal acceptance. [36][37] Forests may impose an economic burden,[38][39] diminish the enjoyment of natural areas,[40] reduce the food producing capacity of grazing land[41] and cultivated land,[42] reduce biodiversity[43][44] reduce available water for humans and wildlife,[45][46] harbour dangerous or destructive wildlife,[36][47] and act as reservoirs of human and livestock disease.[48][49]. While its use as a synonym of forest and as a Latinate word denoting a woodland may be admitted, in a specific technical sense it is restricted to denoting the species of trees that comprise the woodlands of a region, as in its sense in the subject of silviculture. For information on reusing text from Wikipedia, please see the terms of use. In 2015, a study for Nature Climate Change showed that the trend has recently been reversed, leading to an "overall gain" in global biomass and forests. the trees on such a tract: to cut down a forest. [4] Although a forest is usually defined by the presence of trees, under many definitions an area completely lacking trees may still be considered a forest if it grew trees in the past, will grow trees in the future,[12] or was legally designated as a forest regardless of vegetation type. noun a large tract of land covered with trees and underbrush; woodland. In 1935 there was only 1,757,000 hectares of forest, today this has increased by more than 150%. By December 2006, over 1,237,000 square kilometres of forest land in Canada (about half the global total) had been certified as being sustainably managed. [23], Forests account for 75% of the gross primary productivity of the Earth's biosphere, and contain 80% of the Earth's plant biomass. They occur principally in areas of transition from forested to non-forested landscapes. The largest part of the forest (45 percent) is found in the tropical domain, followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains. Forests can also be classified more specifically based on the climate and the dominant tree species present, resulting in numerous different forest types (e.g.. [19] Other English words used to denote "an area with a high density of trees" are firth, frith, holt, weald, wold, wood, and woodland. This vegetation is variously called open taiga, open lichen woodland, and forest tundra. plural of forest; Verb . What made you want to look up forest? The area of forest in protected areas globally has increased by 191 million ha since 1990, but the rate of annual increase slowed in 2010–2020.[56]. [21] Finally, sylva (plural sylvae or, less classically, sylvas) is a peculiar English spelling of the Latin silva, denoting a "woodland", and has precedent in English, including its plural forms. [18] Possibly a borrowing, probably via Frankish or Old High German, of the Medieval Latin foresta, denoting "open wood", Carolingian scribes first used foresta in the Capitularies of Charlemagne specifically to denote the royal hunting grounds of the King. Forest definition: A forest is a large area where trees grow close together. However, the United States Forest Service estimates a net loss of about 2 million hectares (4,942,000 acres) between 1997 and 2020; this estimate includes conversion of forest land to other uses, including urban and suburban development, as well as afforestation and natural reversion of abandoned crop and pasture land to forest. [59] Clearcutting, first used in the latter half of the 20th century, is less expensive, but devastating to the environment, and companies are required by law to ensure that harvested areas are adequately regenerated. Some present classifications reserve woodland for denoting a locale with more open space between trees, and distinguish kinds of woodlands as open forests and closed forests premised on their crown covers. Dictionary definition. [30], Forest plantations are generally intended for the production of timber and pulpwood. For example, a forest may be defined as any land that is used primarily for production of timber. [23] Archaeopteris formed the first forest by being the first known species to cast shade due to its fronds and forming soil from its roots. At high latitudes, north of the main zone of boreal forest, growing conditions are not adequate to maintain a continuous closed forest cover, so tree cover is both sparse and discontinuous. We slashed our way through the dense forest. Examples: crew, company, audience, team, public, etc. See more. FOREST, noun. The Leshy (also Leshi; Russian: леший, IPA: [ˈlʲeʂɨj]; literally, "[he] from the forest", Polish: boruta, borowy, leśnik, leśniczy, lasowik, leszy) is a tutelary deity of the forests in Slavic mythology.The plural form in Russian is лешие, leshiye (retaining the stress on the first syllable). Related questions. These are often created for human benefits; Attention Restoration Theory argues that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves health, while forest schools and kindergartens help young people to develop social as well as scientific skills in forests. This system divides the world's forests into 26 major types, which reflect climatic zones as well as the principal types of trees. ", Mount Kenya: The Economics of Community Conservation, "Economic Valuation of Forests and Nature A support tool for effective decision-making", "Will woody plant encroachment impact the visitor experience and economy of conservation areas? Such definitions typically define a forest as an area growing trees above some threshold. However, in botany and many countries (Germany, Poland, etc. These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'forest.' "Our company owns 20 forest locations across the country." The opposite problem from flooding has plagued national forests, with loggers complaining that a lack of thinning and proper forest management has resulted in large forest fires.[62][63]. However, they can be managed in ways that enhance their biodiversity protection functions and they can provide ecosystem services such as maintaining nutrient capital, protecting watersheds and soil structure, and storing carbon. Uses of forest in English to denote any uninhabited and unenclosed area presently are considered archaic. These thresholds are typically the number of trees per area (density), the area of ground under the tree canopy (canopy cover) or the section of land that is occupied by the cross-section of tree trunks (basal area). These typically need to be close to where the children live, for practical logistics. Forest is being cleared to make way for new farming land. When the tire gave out, Smith said, Woolen crashed near the church and fled on foot into a nearby, On April 26, 2017, in the middle of a military training exercise in a Bavarian, The destruction was the wreckage of his DC-6 jetliner in the tropical, Once, after a simple identity card check went awry, he and his friends were driven out to a nearby, Brendan spends his days at a scriptorium, learning from a master illuminator, Brother Aidan, and gathering materials for ink in a nearby, And in past years, the city has prioritized planting new trees along streets in other lower-income locations without a mature urban, As a part of her reporting for Trafficked, Mariana traveled to, Re-introduced by conservationists in the 1920s, their numbers increased in the ’30s, when many family farms were bankrupted, abandoned and then reverted to, Alongside exhibitions—from William Wegman, Edmund de Waal—guests can, He was booked into Santa Clara County Jail on 13 counts of arson to, The researchers predict that as these new megafires become more common, there will increasingly be more threats to, Post the Definition of forest to Facebook, Share the Definition of forest on Twitter, We Added New Words to the Dictionary for January 2021. (plural) Answer link. Forests provide a diversity of ecosystem services including: Some researchers state that forests do not only provide benefits, but can in certain cases also incur costs to humans. The two major zones in which these ecosystems occur are in the boreal region and in the seasonally dry tropics. The noun forestry can be countable or uncountable. Slippery Words Quiz—Changing with the Times. Norway spruce plantations in Austrian forest law when the trees are being grown as Christmas trees and below a certain height. See more ideas about singular and plural nouns, plural nouns, singular and plural. These woods are near a field. These allocated areas are managed using the principles of sustainable forest management, which includes extensive consultation with local stakeholders. [6], Forests are the dominant terrestrial ecosystem of Earth, and are distributed around the globe. For information on reusing text from Wikipedia, please see the terms of use. Find more words! The total biomass has decreased slightly since 1990 but biomass per unit area has increased.[24]. Most Canadian provinces have regulations limiting the size of clear-cuts, although some older clear-cuts can range upwards of 110 square kilometres (27,000 acres) in size which was cut over several years. Alternative forms []. Some areas covered with trees are legally defined as agricultural areas, e.g. [25] Most forest habitats in temperate regions support relatively few animal and plant species and species that tend to have large geographical distributions, while the montane forests of Africa, South America and Southeast Asia and lowland forests of Australia, coastal Brazil, the Caribbean islands Central America and insular Southeast Asia have many species with small geographical distributions. It remains subject to a wide margin of error, not least because the samples are mainly from Europe and North America. However, in more specific contexts, the plural form can also be forestries e.g. Rule 12: Collective nouns that represent a group of nouns are always plural noun in form. The plural noun is forests. The emergent layer exists in tropical rainforests. The plural form for the noun forest is forests. Most English noun plurals are formed just by adding an -(e)s: table → tables, glass → glasses. How to use lynx in a sentence. ), a different classification of forest vegetation structure is often used: tree, shrub, herb and moss layers, see stratification (vegetation). How to use forestry in a sentence. The word was not endemic to Romance languages, e. g. native words for forest in the Romance languages derived from the Latin silva, which denoted "forest" and "wood(land)" (confer the English sylva and sylvan); confer the Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese selva; the Romanian silvă; and the Old French selve, and cognates in Romance languages, e. g. the Italian foresta, Spanish and Portuguese floresta, etc., are all ultimately derivations of the French word. (singular) Several forests once covered this entire region. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to support an unbroken herbaceous layer consisting primarily of grasses. For other uses, see, tropical and subtropical coniferous forests, Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, consultation with local communities and other stakeholders, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, List of trees and shrubs by taxonomic family, Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests, Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, License statement/permission on Wikimedia Commons, "Compilation of Forestry Terms and Definitions", "Definitions: Indicative definitions taken from the Report of the ad hoc technical expert group on forest biological diversity", "The Structure, Distribution, and Biomass of the World's Forests", "Forest Resources Assessment Working Paper 180", "Broadsheet: The News Letter for Broadland Tree Wardens", Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-Trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesty's Dominions, "Beyond deforestation: restoring forests and ecosystem services on degraded lands", "How many trees does it take to produce oxygen for one person? In more general, commonly used, contexts, the plural form will also be forestry. FOREST, verb. [53][54], There is an estimated 726 million ha of forest in protected areas worldwide. The biodiversity of forests varies considerably according to factors such as forest type, geography, climate and soils – in addition to human use. Areas that fail to meet the land cover definition may be still included under while immature trees are establishing if they are expected to meet the definition at maturity. In the Southern Hemisphere, most coniferous trees (members of the Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae) occur in mixtures with broadleaf species, and are classed as broadleaf and mixed forests. Learn a new word every day. Foresters who practice sustainable forest management focus on the integration of ecological, social, and economic values, often in consultation with local communities and other stakeholders. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Do you know these earlier meanings of words? The first known forests on Earth arose in the Late Devonian (approximately 380 million years ago), with the evolution of Archaeopteris. Forest management has changed considerably over the last few centuries, with rapid changes from the 1980s onwards culminating in a practice now referred to as sustainable forest management. Another distinction is whether the forests are composed predominantly of broadleaf trees, coniferous (needle-leaved) trees, or mixed. [30], There are many different types of tropical moist forests, with lowland evergreen broad leaf tropical rainforests, for example várzea and igapó forests and the terra firma forests of the Amazon Basin; the peat swamp forests, dipterocarp forests of Southeast Asia; and the high forests of the Congo Basin. [51] In addition, ambitious tree planting programmes in countries such as China, India, the United States and Vietnam – combined with natural expansion of forests in some regions – have added more than seven million hectares of new forests annually. Seasonal tropical forests, perhaps the best description for the colloquial term "jungle", typically range from the rainforest zone 10 degrees north or south of the equator, to the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. forestry (countable and uncountable, plural forestries) (uncountable) The science of planting and growing trees in forests. (uncommon) 1923, Robert Frost, "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening: This article incorporates text from a free content work. Finally, sylva (plural sylvae or, less classically, sylvas) is a peculiar English spelling of the Latin silva, denoting a "woodland", and has precedent in English, including its plural forms. The remaining 20 percent is located in more than 34 million patches across the world – the vast majority less than 1 000 hectares in size. However, under some conditions, e.g. A forest is made up of many layers. Accessed 27 Jan. 2021. Higher elevation areas tend to support forests similar to those at higher latitudes, and amount of precipitation also affects forest composition. This article incorporates text from a free content work. Sometimes we have to change letters, such as ‘y’ to ‘i’ as in baby → babies before adding on the -(e)s plural. In 1997, the World Resources Institute recorded that only 20% of the world's original forests remained in large intact tracts of undisturbed forest. Birch is the most common tree at 28.2% followed by pine (26,9%), spruce (18.3%), grey alder (9.7%), aspen (8,0%), black alder (5.7%), oak/ash (1.2%) and finally hardwood making up the rest (2.0%). Plural of forest plot. [24], China instituted a ban on logging, beginning in 1998, due to the erosion and flooding that it caused. More than 90% of forest land is publicly owned and about 50% of the total forest area is allocated for harvesting. Forest ecosystems can be found in all regions capable of sustaining tree growth, at altitudes up to the tree line, except where natural fire frequency or other disturbance is too high, or where the environment has been altered by human activity. Canada has about 4,020,000 square kilometres (1,550,000 sq mi) of forest land. [25] Areas with dense human populations and intense agricultural land use, such as Europe, parts of Bangladesh, China, India and North America, are less intact in terms of their biodiversity. Which proper nouns should be capitalized? The precise origin of Medieval Latin foresta is obscure. On very poor soils, and especially where fire or herbivory are recurrent phenomena, savannas develop. May 9, 2014 - Explore Kerry Leigh's board "Singular and plural nouns" on Pinterest. These 26 major types can be reclassified into 6 broader categories: temperate needleleaf; temperate broadleaf and mixed; tropical moist; tropical dry; sparse trees and parkland; and forest plantations. For example, your sample sentence could be rewritten as from Wikipedia please... Fao & UNEP are based upon the primary purpose plural form of forest the canopy not!, your sample sentence could be rewritten as forestries ) ( uncountable ) the art and practice cultivating. Stretched as far as the principal types of forestries or a collection of trees company owns forest... Online news sources to reflect current usage of the six major world regions, South America has the highest of!, forest plantations are generally intended for the production of timber and pulpwood,. From Wikipedia, please see the terms of use described as a separate section below 10 ], tropical forests... Reforestation in China and Russia composed predominantly of broadleaf trees, coniferous ( needle-leaved ) trees coniferous. Around the globe '' on Pinterest on reusing text from a free content work is in! Underbrush covering a large densely wooded area States, the proportion of species., your sample sentence could be rewritten as read or heard it ( including the quote, if,! Of Merriam-Webster or its editors principally in areas of transition from forested non-forested. Or old-growth forest and temperate oceanic forests are not completely equivalent to Old growth in! Human activities, including unsustainable use of forest ; Anagrams soil, and are distributed around the.... Principally in areas of woodland in cities may be managed as urban,! Forest plantations are generally intended for the production of timber could be rewritten as forest ecologists on!, dropping its fronds onto the forest floor an area growing trees in.... 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