Blossom end rot, which also commonly affects tomatoes, is caused by a fungus due to the gardener overwatering. Follow all directions, precautions and restrictions that are listed. Find the right products for your crop. Several eggplants that have wilted and died because of infection by bacterial wilt.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension, Bacterial ooze streaming from the cut stem of an eggplant suspended in water is a good way to test for bacterial wilt.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension, Deteriorated Eggplant stem infected with Southern blight. Back to Top To prevent eggplant bugs, it may also help to keep weeds and other debris to a minimum and rotate crops every other year or so. Pick the insect off the plant and squish it or drop it in a bottle of soapy water. The horn on the rear end is harmless; therefore, remove hornworms by hand when found. Inspect the leaves daily and pick out caterpillars that will eat the leaves. Besides the most serious of eggplant pests, there are also numerous other pests that cause less severe damage. The infected leaves have small circular spots appear which turn to brown causing blighting. Control pests. Growing eggplant in home gardening is a troublesome task, requiring an amateur grower a sufficiently large amount of time and knowledge, since any deviations from cultivation technology can cause weakening of the plant and damage to diseases or pests. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Best products for Greenhouse whitefly in Eggplant. Sunscald. These plants require full sun and well-drained soil amended with organic matter. This problem is seen when the brinjal plant starts flowering, it is a type of worm which is … Cracking. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines. Excessive soil moisture increases the incidence of root rots and blight caused by Phytophthora and Pythium. Introducing natural predators, such as ladybugs, often helps minimize eggplant problems associated with aphids. Aphids and whiteflies both have piercing, sucking mouthparts used to suck the sap out of eggplant leaves and stems. Eggplants are cold sensitive and shouldn’t be placed in the garden too early. Stem borer. Eggplant is high in antioxidants, vitamins and most importantly, dietary fiber which aids in digestion and a healthy "rhythm". Small amounts of feeding damage often go unnoticed, though populations may occasionally build up to problematic levels. Two spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) may become a pest on eggplant foliage, especially after the use of broad spectrum insecticides. Click here for more info how to grow eggplant How To Deal with Eggplant Pests Lacebugs and flea beetles are common eggplant bugs. The spread of plant pests and diseases has increased in recent years and, in fact, has reached epidemic proportions. Growing Eggplant. Just a few hornworms may cause significant defoliation in small gardens. Tobacco hornworms (Manduca sexta) and tomato hornworms (Manduca quinquemaculata) are large caterpillars capable of rapidly eating large amounts of foliage. Other eggplant bugs that affect these plants include: The best way to deal with eggplant bugs is by using collars and row covers until the plants are large enough to withstand attacks, at which time insecticidal soap can be used to alleviate pest problems. African eggplant, Solanum aethiopicum, is a deciduous shrub in the family Solanaceae which is grown for its edible fruits which are cooked and eaten as a vegetable.African eggplant is a highly branching plant which can grow up to 2 m (6.6 ft) in height. To avoid bacterial wilt, do not plant eggplant in areas that have had tomatoes, Irish potatoes, or eggplant planted in the previous three years. Flea beetles can occur when plants are small, use row covers until plant is large enough to resist significant damage; Remove when plant begins to flower; Successful cultivars. They consist of various colors and sizes, all of which can add unique flavor to many recipes or as stand-alone side dishes. Align rows east to west rather than north to south to allow air movement up and down the rows. If you don’t have enough space to plant eggplants away from standing crops, cover them with nylon mesh, preventing the entry of pests. The pre-harvest interval (PHI) is the waiting time in days after spraying before harvesting. Outbreaks and pests are responsible for huge losses of crops and pastures in many countries. They use their chewing mouthparts to feed, leaving behind little more than the large leaf veins. Broad Spectrum. Spider Mites Spider mites can reproduce incredibly fast and cause severe damage in no time at all. Eggplant Integrated Pest Management AN ECOLOGICAL GUIDE TRAINING RESOURCE TEXT ON CROP DEVELOPMENT, MAJOR AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, DISEASE AND INSECT ECOLOGY, INSECT PESTS, NATURAL ENEMIES AND DISEASES OF EGGPLANT FAO Inter-Country Programme for Integrated Pest Management In Vegetables in South and Southeast Asia June 2003 Eggplant pests and diseases. The silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii) is the predominant species of whitefly that affects eggplant, and the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is the predominant aphid species. Instead, rotate with cucurbits (squash, zucchini, melons, and cantaloupe), brassicas (collards, kale, cabbage, turnips, and broccoli), grasses (sweet corn and grains), alliums (onions, garlic, and leeks), etc. Choose Resistant Varieties. Diseases and Pests You Have to Watch out for When Growing Eggplants in Containers Prevent aphids by placing pots of garlic and chives near the eggplant. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service offers its programs to people of all ages, regardless of race, color, gender, religion, national origin, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, gender identity, marital or family status and is an equal opportunity employer. Wait … Shot-hole feeding damage caused by flea beetles on eggplant foliage.Joey Williamson, ©2014 HGIC, Clemson Extension. We recommend Bulls-Eye™ Bioinsecticide to prevent Flea Beetles. In addition, manage weeds before they begin flowering and producing seeds in and around the garden, which may harbor insect pests and provide overwintering sites. For chemical disease management, see products labeled for use on home garden eggplant in the tables below. Cucumber mosaic virus in eggplant. When growing eggplants, space them about a foot or two apart, as they can become rather large. The treatment for such insects is usually very simple and can be cured in reasonable time. Pepper and Eggplant Leafhoppers. Several other varieties can be grown in the home garden as well. Salt Toxicity. Both the adult striped beetle and the black-spotted, hump-backed red larva are foliage feeders. Eggplants are also susceptible to various bacterial and fungal diseases that cause wilting and rot. https://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheet/eggplant-insect-pests-diseases Eggplants are cold sensitive and shouldn’t be placed in the garden too early. Bayer BioAdvanced Vegetable & Garden Insect Spray, Southern Ag Conserve Naturalyte Insect Control. The article describes a popular variety of eggplant "Valentina". Plant disease-resistant varieties. In this section, find information on plant disease identification and control, including rot, freeze damage, rust, blight, mold, scales, bacteria, viruses, fungus, wilt, mildew, gall, mites, moths, and cankers. This is helpful in reducing foliar diseases and fruit rots. Cultural control includes proper fertilization according to the results of a soil test. Proper water management is important for avoiding a variety of disease issues. Stip. Eggplant is a member of the nightshade family, related to tomatoes, peppers, and potatoes. No residual activity. Broad spectrum insecticides are best sprayed in late evening to lessen the impact on pollinating insects. The pre-harvest (PHI) interval is the waiting time in days after spraying before harvesting. Small Holes On Leaves - What Are Flea Beetles? Small flowering plants, such as sweet alyssum, dill, cilantro, fennel, and rosemary, attract parasitic wasps and flies that prey on aphids, caterpillars, stink bugs, and leaf-footed bugs. Colorado Potato Beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) is a serious insect pest of potatoes but will also attack eggplant, tomato and pepper in that order of preference. Phomopsis blight commonly attacks and rots the fruit.Dr. As they feed, they secrete a sticky waste known as honeydew. Agricultural pests and harmful fungi, viruses and bacteria can attack your crop at any time. (Click on photo to enlarge) General Tomato Disease and Pest Management. Join our mailing list to receive the latest updates from HGIC. Stink bugs (various species in the insect family Pentatomidae) and leaf-footed bugs (Leptoglossus phyllopus) feed on young developing fruit by inserting their piercing, sucking mouthparts. The eggplant flea beetle and the eggplant lace bug are common pests, but twospotted spider mites can be more damaging. There are several eggplant diseases that affect these crops. Proper crop rotation is important in helping to avoid the buildup of soilborne pathogens. Bacterial wilt (caused by Ralstonia solanacearum) is a serious bacterial disease that causes sudden wilting of the plant. Leaf-footed bug adults and nymph sitting on an eggplant leaf.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension. You will learn what is good about this Dutch hybrid, how to grow seedlings, and where it is better to transplant them. Anthony Keinath, ©2020, Clemson Extension. Drip irrigation is the preferred method of watering versus overhead watering, as this keeps water off the foliage and fruit, reducing the severity of foliar diseases and fruit rots. If you purchase seedlings, ask nursery staff to point out their disease-resistant stock. Additionally, water early in the day to give the foliage a chance to dry before dark. Eggplant Fruit and Shoot Borer. Crop rotation is an important strategy for managing bacterial wilt, Phytophthora blight, and southern blight because the pathogens survive in soil. The pith inside the stem turns reddish-brown, and there is relatively little yellowing of the leaves. The leaves of the plant are arranged alternately on the stems and have smooth or lobed margins. Both juveniles and adults feed on developing fruit. Insecticidal soap sprays are best applied in the early morning or the late evening to slow drying time. Dark-colored sooty mold often develops on the honeydew, which reduces the plant’s ability to photosynthesize. Avoid planting in areas where tomatoes, peppers, snap beans, or eggplants were planted in the last 3 years. Avoid over fertilizing with nitrogen, as this can make plants more attractive to aphids. Typically, spider mites feed on the lower surfaces of leaves by inserting their piercing, sucking mouthparts, and extracting the plant’s sap. Broad spectrum insecticides will kill beneficial insects; therefore, avoid using these products unless absolutely necessary. Sclerotia remain viable in the soil for several years until the next susceptible crop is planted. Fun Fact. Eggplant is a commonly grown warm-season vegetable noted for its great flavor, egg shape and dark violet color. Pest and Diseases. Eggplant – Solanum melongena Family Solanaceae (Nightshade family) Plant Description. Pepper and Eggplant Aphids. We will tell you how to protect the variety from pests and diseases. Control: There is no treatment for Fusarium wilt, so the best way for tomato growers to control the disease is to plant tomato varieties that resist the disease. This virus was first identified on the cucumber plant, but this disease attacks a lot of crop plants including eggplants. Justin Ballew, Horticulture & Agronomy Agent, Lexington County, Clemson Extension, Clemson University. Wait until the soil has sufficiently warmed and all threat of frost has ceased. All recommendations are for South Carolina conditions and may not apply to other areas. For chemical control, see products labeled for use in eggplant in the tables below. Look for varieties of peppers, eggplant, and okra that are resistant to wilts and other diseases. All recommendations for pesticide use are for South Carolina only and were legal at the time of publication, but the status of registration and use patterns are subject to change by action of state and federal regulatory agencies. This information is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement of brand names or registered trademarks by the Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service is implied, nor is any discrimination intended by the exclusion of products or manufacturers not named. Sign up for our newsletter. Salting an eggplant will reduce the amount of oil it absorbs during cooking. Table 2. Also, plant your eggplant seedlings away from other crops that might spread pests. Beetles. Eggplant. Phytophthora nicotianae causes fruit rot symptoms on eggplant.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension. These pests consume the leaves and suck the life-supporting sap from the plants. Many of these eggplant diseases can be eliminated or prevented by practicing crop rotation, reducing weed growth, and providing adequate spacing and uniform watering. Table 1. Both pests are primarily found on the undersides of the leaves. Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) larvae and adults feed on eggplant foliage with their chewing mouthparts. Apply at or shortly after transplanting. Eggplant cultivation,Brinjal improved varieties, and commercial importance agrojiva. Once the plants are larger, a fair amount of injury can be tolerated. Since eggplants are susceptible to many pests and diseases, the use of collars or row covers on young plants may be necessary to reduce common eggplant problems. Large populations may create webbing on the foliage and cause a yellow stippling symptom to develop on the foliage as they feed. Eggplant problems and eggplant pests can occur from time to time when growing eggplant; however, with the proper care, they can usually be prevented. This is an easy strategy for larger, slow-moving insects, such as hornworms and Colorado potato beetles. A. Chewing insects that feed on aboveground plant parts Flea beetles are a major eggplant pest. May be slightly sunken. There are several eggplant diseases that affect these crops. Diseases, pests and problems for garden Eggplant. Problem: Blossom End Rot Affected Area: Fruit Description: Round, leathery spot on blossom end of fruit. You’ll also find tips on integrated pest management and herbicide summaries. Table 3. UC agricultural management guidelines for control of eggplant pests. Powdery Mildew. Black Beauty (74 days) Ophelia hybrid (55 days) Eggplant damage appears as wilting from lower to upper leaves, followed by plant collapse. If unable to drip irrigate, direct water to the base of the plants and avoid wetting the leaves as much as possible. Bacterial Wilt/Southern Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) Plants affected by this bacteria disease are in … Bacterial canker ravages processing tomatoes, Learn how to recognize bacterial canker now to manage this disease in the future.. How to spot and stop diseases on greenhouse tomato seedlings: Stop diseases now on tomato seedlings and produce healthy transplants for the field, Mary Hausbeck, Michigan State University … The fungus infects the seedlings causing damping off. In larger gardens, chemical control may be necessary. American varieties are oblong or globular with a dark purple skin. Phomopsis blight is more common in the fall than in the spring. Copyright © 2021 Clemson UniversityClemson Cooperative Extension | 103 Barre Hall Clemson, SC 29634864-986-4310 | Contact UsHGIC@clemson.edu, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Integrated Pest Management (I.P.M.) Pepper and Eggplant Beetles. Phomopsis blight (caused by Phomopsis vexans) is a fungal disease that most commonly attacks the fruit, but the collar rot stage can cause the stem to become narrower than normal and break off at about 1 to 2 inches above the soil line. University of California's official guidelines for pest monitoring techniques, pesticides, and nonpesticide alternatives for managing pests in agriculture, floriculture, and commercial turf. Eggplant Field. In small gardens, adults and larvae are easy to handpick and squish or drop in a bottle of soapy water. Affects green as well as ripe fruits, but is more common in ripe fruits Is a physiological disorder caused by water imbalances caused by irregular watering or over-watering especially early in the season. The pests are small, black or brown beetles that lay their eggs around the bases of eggplants. Avoiding excessive soil moisture is an important strategy for managing Phytophthora diseases. Some of the most common include blossom end rot, wilt diseases, and various types of blight. Tomato Plant Insect Pests: Tips For Treating Pests On Tomatoes, Eggplant Phomopsis Blight – Reasons For Eggplant Leaf Spot And Fruit Rot. Their damage is most serious when the plants are small and have just a few leaves. If the leaves on your eggplant show signs of webbing, small spots or are turning yellow, you may have an infestation of spider mites. Mechanical control includes handpicking insects. Preventing and controlling plant diseases is key to growing healthy plants. Several sclerotia are present.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension. Thrips, flea beetles, cutworms, armyworms, aphids, and white flies can also find food in maturing eggplant plants. Less impact on beneficials. This frequently leads to a discolored spot beneath the skin that becomes evident when the fruit is sliced. Spider mite feeding damage on an eggplant leaf.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension. Some of the most common include blossom end rot, wilt diseases, and various types of blight. If this document didn’t answer your questions, please contact HGIC at hgic@clemson.edu or 1-888-656-9988. Populations may increase rapidly in times of hot, dry weather. Populations can build up quickly and cause significant defoliation and yield loss. Water frequently enough to keep the soil moist but not saturated. Leaves may also have gray or brown spots that are rounded or oval-shaped. These weaken the crop and put it under more stress. Nasturtium Seed Harvest – Tips For Collecting Nasturtium Seeds, Where To Get Seeds - Learn About Seed Buying And Harvesting, Growing Morning Glories From Seed: A Guide To Planting Morning Glory Seeds, Horse Chestnut Seeds: How To Grow A Horse Chestnut Tree, Pruning Zucchini: How To Prune Zucchini Squash, Endless Sources Will Feed A Plant Obsession, Planning The Important Things - How Do You Plan Your Garden. In addition, remove infected plants from the garden. The spot may be depressed on the outside of the fruit. 2021-01-27 06:26:25. Insecticides for Control of Insect Pests of Eggplant. Disease resistance is noted in seed catalogs and seed packets. Fruit spots start as pale, sunken areas that rapidly enlarge to become soft and spongy down into the flesh. Symptoms include dark streaking on the upper branches of the plant, followed by the rapid collapse of the plant and death. for Aphids, Centipedegrass Yearly Maintenance Program. Nutrient Disorders. Colorado potato beetle larvae feeding on eggplant foliage.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension, An adult Colorado potato beetle feeding on an eggplant leaf.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension, Tobacco hornworms are harmless and can easily be removed by hand.Justin Ballew, ©2020, Clemson Extension. This is a severe disease in brinjal that infects the foliage and the fruits. Eggplant is a favorite host of multiple species of flea beetles, which are mostly in the genus Epitrix. Diseases and pests of seedlings and adult plants. Insecticide Products to Control Eggplant Insect Pests. Their feeding damage can greatly reduce yield and in some cases kill plants. To promote biological control, provide habitats for beneficial insects. Use pesticides only according to the directions on the label. Eggplant - a solanaceous crop - has some of the same pests as pepper, potato, and tomato. Avoid planting eggplant where tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, or eggplant (all members of the Solanaceae family) were planted within the last three years. Flea beetles have chewing mouthparts and feed on leaves, making small, shot-like holes. The most common of the eggplant pests are members of the beetle, bug and mite groups. Small, round, brown and tan pellets called sclerotia, which are the survival structures, form and drop into the soil. Space rows 36 inches apart, and space plants 24 to 30 inches apart on the row. Japanese varieties are slender and elongated with a thin, darker purple skin. The first symptoms are represented by the appearance of some discoloration spots, that evolve in burns arranged parallel to the nerves. Sign up to get all the latest gardening tips! Proper plant spacing allows air to flow between plants, promoting faster drying of foliage following rain or dew. This disease affects ripe fruit and causes leather-like sunk-en spots to appear on the fruit ends and cause the fruit to drop. Phytophthora blight (caused by Phytophthora capsici or P. nicotianae) is a water mold that may attack eggplant roots, leaves, stems, or fruit. Fungicides for Use in Home Gardens for Eggplant Disease Control. Although it’s a problem that’s receiving more and more attention, not enough strategies have been developed yet to reduce the impact they generate at an economic and environmental level. Common pests and diseases: Eggplants Eggplant seeds available at ufseeds.com blight and phytophthora blight. Since eggplants are susceptible to many pests and diseases, the use of collars or row covers on young plants may be necessary in reducing these common eggplant problems. COVID-19 Extension Updates and Resources ... More Information », Factsheet | HGIC 2224 | Published: Aug 25, 2020 | Print. Many of these eggplant diseases can be eliminated or prevented by practicing crop rotation, reducing weed growth, and providing adequate spacing and uniform watering. Fungicide Products to Control Eggplant Diseases. Problem: Powdery mildew leaves a telltale white dusty coating on leaves, stems … Lace bugs and flea beetles are common eggplant bugs. Symptoms of southern blight (caused by Athelia rolfsii) are found on the stems at the surface of the soil. As the disease progresses, a white mat of fungal mycelium (threadlike growth) develops around the base of the stem, rotting the stem and causing the plant to yellow, wilt, and die. Table 4. The entire plant withers and dies quickly following infection. Use their chewing mouthparts and feed on eggplant foliage with their chewing mouthparts, holes. A. chewing insects that feed on aboveground plant parts Cucumber mosaic virus eggplant... Wait until the soil moist but not saturated the impact on pollinating insects the foliage they... 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Crop at any time aphids and whiteflies both have piercing, sucking mouthparts used to suck the sap out eggplant!, eggplant phomopsis blight is more common in the day to give foliage! Plants including eggplants go unnoticed, though populations may occasionally build up quickly and cause defoliation.