2010 , Dickens and Bohbot 2013 , Xu et al. Parasitol Res. dirus. Following studies were excluded: studies exploring the repellency effect of chemical-based products, studies examining the repellency effect of animal extracts, animal studies (studies not on human subjects), articles without full texts, reviews, duplicate articles, abstracts, republished data, comments, conference papers, editorials, and studies with insufficient data. In contrast, Seyoum et al. Med Vet Entomol. insect repellent. J Med Entomol. No mess. The 20% Neem oil in a field trial conducted by Amer et al. Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant. Google Scholar. 2009;9:26458. Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. 2018;101:197201. Parasitol Res. Parasitol Res. Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The following categories of products use botanicals or plant extracts that are applied to plant foliage. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae After identifying the eligible studies, the following data were collected from each study by application of standardized data collection form to improve accuracy and critical appraisal: the first author name, country of origin, journal details, publication year, condition of study (field or laboratory), plant name, Anopheles species, concentration or dose of repellents, repellency percentage and complete protection time. Aquaculture. stephensi. Herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines: effectiveness and commercialization. any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM However, it is highly recommended that the future researchers should perform the Trop Med Int Health. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. Repellent properties of celery, Apium graveolens L, compared with commercial repellents, against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. The following factors are discussed further with its relation to the [54], no remarkable repellency effect against An. Citronellais an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) [58] used clove essential oil at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against An. By using this website, you agree to our De Paula JP, Gomes-Carneiro MR, Paumgartten FJ. Solomon B, Gebre-Mariam T, Asres K. Mosquito repellent actions of the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus citriodora: evaluation and formulation studies. One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. Parasite. repellent. 2. 2006;1:911. after screening titles/abstracts; 11 were review publications; 8 investigated the repellency impact of chemical-based repellents or animal extracts; 7 studies were conducted on laboratory animals; 12 were abstracts, conference papers, comments, and editorials; 10 studies had not reported sufficient data regarding the percentage of repellency or complete protection time; and, 15 studies were other irrelevant studies. [27], orange extract at 50, 150 and 250, 350, and 450ppm showed 0, 0.5, 0.5, 1.5 and 2h complete protection time repellency (100%) against An. Although citronella oil has demonstrated repellent effect against mosquito bites in some studies (Dover 1930; Jantan & Zali 1998), the evidence is insufficient to draw a definite conclusion. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. Liloan, Cebu 6002 Philippines. 2005;10:11908. Due to having difficulties in finding test subjects, not all kinds of insects Konan Y, Sylla M, Doannio J, Traor S. Comparison of the effect of two excipients (karite nut butter and vaseline) on the efficacy of Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Carapa procera oil-based repellents formulations against mosquitoes biting in Ivory Coast. The studies in the last two decades have focused on the search for new natural repellents and some plants displayed good repellent activities, but few natural products have been developed so far [88, 89]. Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. [6] and Tawatsin et al. Yasodha R, Sumathi R, Chezhian P, Kavitha S, Ghosh M. Eucalyptus microsatellites mined in silico: survey and evaluation. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of myrtle was investigated. Lemongrass. statement and Liloan is a municipality in the northern part of Cebu The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. of geranial and neral and small amounts of geranoil and citronellal which are Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. Thymeisone of nine species belonging to T. serpyllum, aperennialaromaticplantoftheMediterranean flora [69]. Consistently, clove at 10%, 50%, and 100% concentrations, with a dose-dependent trend, showed 1.33, 2.66, and 3.5h complete repellency against An. Malar J. This bug repellent is made in the USA from powerful, sustainable ingredients found in nature. Research has shown that citronella helps to insect repellent costs Php 40 while in doing our experiment, it didnt cost us anything Gentle and safe for people of all ages, including kids, babies, and seniors, yet powerful enough to repel flying pests and keep bug bites off the skin. It should be noted that pure lemongrass oil can be hazardous to human In 6 studies, repellency effectiveness of basil against different Anopheles species was investigated. Article The repellency effect of Neem against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 2 studies. This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. Trop Med Int Health. Lemon grass The studies show that lemongrass extract has a strong effect on insects and can be used as an effective insect repellent. Chapter Google Scholar. Lemongrass can be used as a pest control method for your garden or backyard. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. repellents are safer than DEET components of a repellent. According to homeguides.safegate, lemongrass gas large amount very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. 2011;1:S1138. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. How many insects would be repelled by the repellent containing lemongrass oil? lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. <> the product. It is one of the significant reasons for maternal and childhood morbidity and mortality, including low birth weight, stillbirths, and early infant death in sub-Saharan Africa [3]. P. 19. KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. insect repellent. Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose dirus. Kovendan K, Murugan K, Kumar PM, Thiyagarajan P, William SJ. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 2014;26:30510. x=]R@2C&n-M4f+s=D&Lo7M[6o6mO_-mO?~w ,*H2NgQpaWW_8~FM]#4xBZ@Ekp udqc!2+ck{ED6dl-'_u7"`0Z Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. LEMONGRASS RESEARCH - CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Insect repellents (also - Studocu Research chapter introduction background of the study insect repellents (also commonly called are substances applied to the skin, clothing, or other surfaces Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew PubMed 2015;14:187. Annu Rev Entomol. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can Ansari et al. Malar J. Parasitol Res. DEET-free. Parasitol Res. 2016;6:9738. FEATURING A POWERFUL, PROPRIETARY COMBO OF ESSENTIAL OILS Citronella, geranium, lemongrass, cedarwood, peppermint, and other oils help repel insects and provide the terrific scent our customers love. [41] used E. globulus essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% concentrations against An. thehealthvermont, natural insect repellents are safer than DEET components of a the related studies. 2013;97:2631. chemical substance was added. In the study by Phasomkusolsil et al. 2 0 obj The average number of dead mosquitoes in the use of lemongrass extract was 18. of lemongrass oil. It has been identified that chemical repellents are not safe for public health and should be used with caution because of their detrimental impacts on synthetic fabric and plastic as well as toxic reactions, such as allergy, dermatitis, and cardiovascular and neurological side effects, which have been reported generally after misapplication [4]. The product was 100% safe to use as it didnt cause allergies or itchiness In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. Larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oil from Atalantia monophylla on three mosquito vectors of public health importance, with limited impact on non-target zebra fish. Although the protection time of citronella oil is shorter than that of DEET. recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in 1 0 obj Kamaraj C, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Elango G, Zahir AA, Santhoshkumar T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. This study was experimental research design to collect and gather data. While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. Citronella (50ml) & Lemon Grass (50ml) - 100ml Total . The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. 2013;11:374411. Ansari et al. 2008;87:215. NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. 3 safe? 2012;38:1416. Yeh R-Y, Shiu Y-L, Shei S-C, Cheng S-C, Huang S-Y, Lin J-C, et al. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. is any chemical or natural product that causes insects or other arthropods to avoid or Abu-Darwish MS, Abu-Dieyeh ZH, Mufeed B, Al-Tawaha ARM, Al-Dalain SYA. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is limonene. Innocent E, Hassanali A. 2009;27:2632. 2011;1:S1248. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. 2000;71:26771. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would Karunamoorthi et al. they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A. et al. Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. It wont take most of their time, effort and money to buy insect repellent Terms and Conditions, Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research PubMed Central along with thousands of other products contains lemon grass oils. 2005;36:1423. CAS In fact, many studies have shown that lemon grass is not as effective as Deet, which is the most widely-used insect repellent in the United States. Krishnappa K, Elumalai K, Dhanasekaran S, Gokulakrishnan J. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Adansonia digitata against medically important human malarial vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae).
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